الحسن بن علي بن فضال

"If an animal develops a defect within three days, it is the responsibility of the seller."

“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), that my assets are gone, my belongings have scattered and I have a large family. Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), then said, ‘When you arrive in al-Kufah, open your shop, set up your display and balance and engage in (earning) sustenance from your Lord.’ Upon his arrival he opened his shop, set up his display and balance. People around found it strange knowing that there was nothing in his home of assets or with him. A man came to him and asked (and paid) him to buy for him cloths. He bought it (perhaps on credit) for him and received the payment for it which remained with him. Then another man came and said, ‘Buy for me a cloth.’ He searched in the market for him, and then bought it for him and the payment for it remained in his hand. This was how business people exchanged goods among themselves. Then another man came and said, ‘O abu ‘Ummarah, I have a bundle of Kattan. Do you want to buy it to pay me after one year?’ He replied, ‘Yes, load it and deliver to me.’ It was delivered to him and he bought it to pay after one year. The man then left and a man from the market came and asked, ‘O abu ‘Ummarah, what is this bundle?’ He replied, ‘I have purchased this bundle.’ He asked, ‘Can you sell to me one-half of it and keep the price with you?’ He then purchased it and he gave him one-half of the goods for a payment of one-half of the price which remained in his hand for one year. He then would buy cloths with that fund, put one or two cloths on display, buy and sell, until he became affluent, able to show his face and find fame.’”

“Abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, has said, ‘The buyer of real property receives sustenance and the seller thereof suffers a serious loss.”

“‘I still give goods to this man and he says that it is destroyed or is spent, so what kind of plan can help it?’ He (the planner) said, ‘You can give the man one thousand dirham and give it to him as loan; then give him twenty dirham to work with the asset and say to him, “This is my capital and that is your capital. Whatever you gain thereof is between both of us.’” I asked about it from ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), who said, ‘It is not unlawful.’”

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about buying pages of al- Quran and selling them. He (the Imam) said, ‘Only pages (of al-Quran) were placed near the pulpit. The passage between the wall and the pulpit was no bigger than what a sheep could pass through or a man in a sideways manner.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘A man would come and write down from the pages that were there. Thereafter they bought them.’ I then asked, ‘What do you say about it (buying).’ He (the Imam) replied, ‘I like buying more than selling.’ I then asked, ‘What do you say if I pay for writing al-Quran?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not harmful but in their time that was their way of dealing.’”

foiiowing: “I once passed with abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), through the copper market and I asked, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, what is the origin of the copper?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is silver but the land spoils it and if one can take away the invalidity, he can benefit from it.’”

“About the case of a man who rents a house in which there is a garden, in the garden he plants palm trees and other fruit bearing trees and fruits and so on without permission from the owner of the garden. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must pay the rent and the owner of the garden evaluates the plantation in a fair manner and pays to the man who had planted them. Had he asked permission he had to pay the rent and the plantation belonged to him, which he had to cut off and take whenever he wanted.’”

“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said, ‘The filthiest earning is earning by means of Riba , . ,,,

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When you want to buy a slave-girl say this, ‘O Allah, I consult You and pray to You to grant me what is good.’”

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘You must not form contracts with anyone other than those who are established in goodness.”

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘A people complained before the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, against quick depletion of their food supplies. He (the Holy Prophet), asked, ’Do you measure or just dump?’ They replied, ’We just dump, O Messenger of Allah, that is, we do not measure.’ He (the Holy Prophet) said, ‘You must measure, you must not dump, measuring has greater blessings.’”

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘One cannot buy or sell an abandoned child that is found.’”

“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘There is a man who owes to me a certain amount of dirhams and his house is as al-Rahn (security deposit) with me and I want to sell it. He (the Imam) said, ‘Do you, by Allah, have the intention to take the roof away from the top of his head?”’

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The effects of unlawful earning shows up in one’s offspring.’”

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about how much is lawful for a woman to give as charity from the house of her husband without his permission. He (the Imam) replied, ‘It is al-Ma’dum (sauce, curry or gravy).”’

“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Proper weighing is only when a balance tilts to one side.”’

“I once wrote to abu al-Hassan (a.s.), and asked, ‘I make an advance payment deal with a man for foodstuff and when it is due time I do not have any foodstuff, if I can give him dirhams in exchange. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, you can do so.”’

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who buys lime. He weighs a certain portion then accepts the rest without measurement. He (the Imam) said, ‘He can accept all of it with his certification or measure all of it.��”

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Advance payment to buy an animals is not unlawful if it (the animal) is clearly made known.’”

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘I have a slave born out of wedlock; if I can perform al-Hajj with his price or spend it for my marriage/ He (the Imam) said, ‘You must not perform al-Hajj with it and do not spend it for your marriage.’”