حفص الجوهري

"A slave does not inherit, and a divorced person does not inherit."

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Amir al-Mu’minin issued a judgment that said, ’All heirs inherit from the wergild except brothers and sisters from the mother’s side.’”

Hadith.5522 - Abu Abdullah (as), said: "When a girl reaches nine years of age, her wealth is handed over to her, her decisions regarding her wealth become valid, and the full legal punishments are applied for her and upon her."

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Amir al-Mu’minin issued a judgment that said, ’All heirs inherit from the wergild except brothers and sisters from the mother’s side who do not inherit anything from the wergild.’”

Abu Hanifah entered upon Abu Abdullah (as), and Abu Abdullah (as) asked him: "What do you say about a house that collapsed on a group of people, leaving behind two boys - one of them is free and the other is a slave belonging to the free one - but it is not known which is the free one and which is the slave?" Abu Hanifah replied: "Half of this one and half of that one should be freed, and the wealth should be divided equally between them." Abu Abdullah (as) said: "It is not so. Rather, a draw (lot) should be cast between them, and the one upon whom the lot falls is the free one, and the other is freed and made his client (mawla)."

“Once abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said to abu Hanifah, ‘O abu Hanifah, what do you say about the case of a people who all die because of the fall of a house? Only two children remain, of whom one is free and the other is a slave of his companion but it is not known which is which’ Abu Hanifah said, ‘One-half of this and one-half of this is set free and the asset must be divided between the two.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said, ‘It is not as that. By means of raffle whoever ’s name comes out is free and this one is set free to become the Mawla ’ (master) for him.’”

Hadith.5734 - In the narration of Ibn Muskan from Sulayman ibn Khalid, Abu Abdullah (as) said: "When a man died and had a slave woman as his wife, Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) would purchase her from his wealth, free her, and then grant her inheritance."

“I read before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), the ordained shares (from the book of) according to Ali (a.s.). Many of them were from one-fifth or one-fourth and most of them were from one-sixth.’”

"Child in the womb (hamil) will not inherit except with clear evidence." Imam (as) explained: "The hamil is the child carried by a pregnant woman who was captured while pregnant, and later the father or the brother recognizes the child as theirs."

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Ali (a.s.), did not take the legacy of any of his Mawali upon their death; instead if he had a relative he (the Imam) would give it to them/”

“I once visited abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), when Aban ibn Taghlib was with him (the Imam) and I said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep you well, my daughter has died and my mother is alive.’ Aban said, ‘There is nothing for your mother.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), said, ‘Allah is free of all defects, give her one-sixth.’”

I said to him, "My daughter has passed away while my mother is still alive." Aban ibn Taghlib said: "She (the grandmother) has no share." Imam (as) responded: "Glory be to Allah (swt)! Give her a share, meaning one-sixth."

“Once, abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), made a book available to the public. I found in it that the son of a brother and a grandfather share a legacy in equal shares. I said, ‘I pray to Allah to keep my soul in service for your cause, the judges do not judge for the son of brothers with a grandfather anything.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘This book is in handwriting of Ali (a.s.), as dictated to him by the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause.”’

I asked Abu Abdullah (as) about a man who had invoked li'an against his wife while she was pregnant, and her pregnancy was visibly apparent. He denied what was in her womb. However, after she gave birth, he claimed the child and acknowledged it, asserting that it was his. Abu Abdullah (as) said: "The child is returned to him, and he inherits from him, and the man is not subjected to flogging because the li'an has already taken place."

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘A woman inherits from bricks but does not inherit from residence anything.’ I then asked, ‘How is it that she inherits from branches but not from the roots?’ He (the Imam) said to me, ‘She does not have lineage because of which she can inherit. She is an addition to them thus she inherits from branches and not from the roots and no addition is made to them because of her.’”

“Al-Mufaddal once passed us nearby, while my daughter in-law and I were disputing about a legacy. He stood by for a while and then said to us, ‘Come to my house.’ We went there and he settled it between us for four hundred dirhams, which he paid from his own pocket until each of us was happy with the other. He then said, ‘It was not from my property. It was from the property of abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.). He had ordered me that whenever two of our people dispute on an issue; I can settle it from his property. Payment was from the property of abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.).’”

“Abu ’Abd Allah (a.s.), once said to me, ’O Zurarah, what do you say about the case of a man who leaves behind his both parents and brothers from his mother’s side?’ He (the narrator) has said that he said, ‘One-sixth is for the mother and the rest is for the father.’ He (the Imam) asked, ’On what basis do you say so?’ I replied, ‘I have heard Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, saying in His book, ’. . . if there are brothers then one-sixth is for his mother.’ (4:11) He (the Imam) said, ’Fie on you O Zurarah, they are brothers from the father’s side. If brothers are from the mother’s side, they do not bar the mother from receiving the one-third.’”

“A man asked him (the Imam) about the case of a man who dies leaving behind the daughter of his sister and slaves. He has left one thousand dirham with him about which no one knows anything. The daughter of his sister came and left a holy book with him as a security deposit. He gave her thirty dirham. I heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ask, ‘Does anyone know about?’ I replied, ‘No, no one knows anything about it.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Give it to her piece by piece and do not inform anyone about it.’”

“This is about the case of a man who goes to bed with his slave-girl and sends her to do certain works for him. She becomes pregnant; he [accuses] her and receives news of her misbehaving. He (the Imam) said, ‘When she gives birth he must keep the child and must not sell him but assign for him a share from his house [and assets].’ It was then asked about a man who goes to bed with his slave-girl, does not send her to work for him but he accuses her of misbehaving and she becomes pregnant. He (the Imam) said, ‘When she gives birth he must keep the child and must not sell but assign a share for the child from his house and assets. This is not like that.’”

he heard rumors of her misconduct. Abu Abdullah (as) said: "Tell him that when she gives birth, he should keep the child and not sell it, and he should allocate a share for the child from his house." It was then said to Imam (as): "What about a man who had intimate relations with his maid but did not send her out for errands, yet he suspected her and she became pregnant?" Imam (as) replied: "When she gives birth, he should keep the child and not sell it, and he should allocate a share for the child from his house and wealth. This case is not like the previous one."