محمد بن قيس

"Whoever guarantees a trader is entitled only to the principal amount and has no share in the profit."

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said, ‘The sale of one grown up camel in exchange for ten fetuses of camel to be born is not valid.’”

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that Amir al-Mu’minin (a.s.), has said, ‘One who consumes Riba’, one who feeds Riba ’ and one who documents it, are all the same (in committing this sins).”’

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the two groups of falsehood who fight each other; if I can sell arms to them. He (the Imam) said, ‘You can sell to them protective materials, like shields and shoes and so on.’”

I said to Abu Abdillah (as), "A man gave another man one thousand dirhams in a partnership, and he unknowingly purchased his father with it." Imam (as) said: "He should be valued, and if his value exceeds by even one dirham, he shall be freed and shall work to repay the man's wealth."

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin has said, ‘One must not sell silver for gold unless it is in a hand in hand deal; and gold is not sold in exchange for silver unless it is in a hand in hand deal.’”

I heard Abu Ja'far Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as) say: "It is disliked to exchange one wasq of dates from Medina for two wasqs of dates from Khaybar, because the dates of Medina are of better quality." Imam (as) also said: "It is disliked to sell dates in exchange for fresh dates, even if measured equally, with a delayed payment, because fresh dates dry out and decrease in volume."

Commander of the Faithful (as) said: "Whoever sells a commodity and says, 'Its price is such and such if paid immediately, and its price is such and such if paid later,' then take it at whichever price you wish and make it a single transaction." Then Imam (as) said: "He is only entitled to the lower price, even if it is on credit."

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin, Ali (a.s.), in the case of a man who was ordered by certain persons to ask to sell to them a camel and they had agreed to pay more if it was on credit with deferred payment, and he asked to sell to them a camel and certain ones of them were with him, judged to bar him from charging them more over the cash price with deferred payment.’”

“Abu Ja‘far (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin, about the case of a man who gave a note to another man for a servant for an appointed time and his party said, ‘I could not find a servant for you, you take from me the cost of your servant today in the form of the value.’ He (’Amir al- Mu’minin) has said, ‘He can refuse to take anything other than his servant or the note that he had given him at first without any thing added.’”

“Abu Ja’far (a.s.), has said that ’Amir al-Mu’minin has said, ’If one sells certain goods and says that its price in a hand in hand deal is so and so and in a deferred payment deal is so and so, so take which ever you like and makes it a package deal, he can only take what costs the least even if it is the deal with the deferred payment.’ He (the Imam) said, ’If one finalizes a deal by the manner of Musawamah (fixed price regardless of capital) of immediate or deferred payment he must specify one of them before the package deal is final.’”

"Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled concerning a female slave who was sold by the son of her master while her master was absent. The buyer took her as a concubine, and she bore him a son. Later, her original master returned and disputed with the buyer, claiming: 'She is my slave, and my son sold her without my permission.' The Imam (as) said: 'The ruling is that the master may reclaim both his female slave and her son.' The buyer pleaded with him, saying: 'Take your son who sold her to me, but I will not release your son until you release mine.' When the master of the female slave saw this, he accepted and approved the sale conducted by his son."

`Ali (as) would go out every morning and patrol the marketplaces in Kufa, one market at a time. With him was a whip, which he carried on his shoulder. It had two strips, and it was called al-Sabsabiyya. He would stand at every market and call: “O merchants! Seek goodness [from Allah], conclude each transaction with ease, be close to the consumers, adorn yourselves with forbearance, abstain from swearing [false oaths], desist from lying, and abandon injustice. Relieve the oppressed, and do not come close to usury. Maintain proper measurement and balance. Do not undervalue the people's things, and do not spread corruption in the land.” He would roam through all the markets of Kufa and say this. Then, he would say: Pleasure will fade away when it is taken from the forbidden, What will remain is sin and embarrassment, Harsh punishment will remain as its consequence, There is no good in a pleasure that precedes the Fire.