Hadith 527
۞
He said: He, Allah’s blessings be upon him and his Family, also forbade mukhadhara, and that is to sell fruits before they appear to be fine while they are still green. It is also included, in the (act of) mukhadhara, the selling of dates, leguminous plants and their likes. He also forbade the selling of dates before it is perfected, and its perfection is that it becomes red or yellow. In another narration, he forbade the selling of it before it is cleared. It is said: «It is cleared», and clearing also means perfection, and that is the meaning of his saying: «Until you are assured from (that it has a) defect». A defect refers to a misfortune.
قال: ونهى صلى الله عليه وآله عن المخابرة، وهي المزارعة بالنصف والثلث والربع وأقل من ذلك وأكثر وهو الخبر أيضا وكان أبو عبيد يقول: لهذا سمي الأكار الخبير لأنه يخبر الأرض والمخابرة: المواكرة، والخبرة: الفعل، والخبير: الرجل، ولهذا سمي الأكار لأنه يؤاكر الأرض أي يشقها. ونهى صلى الله عليه وآله عن المحاضرة وهو أن تباع الثمار قبل أن يبدو صلاحها وهي خضر بعد، ويدخل في المخاضرة أيضا بيع الرطاب والبقول وأشباهما. ونهى عن بيع التمر قبل أن يزهو، وزهزه أن يحمر أو يصفر. وفي حديث آخر: نهى عن بيعه قبل أن يشقح. و يقال: " يشقح " والتشقيح هو الزهو أيضا وهو معنى قوله: " حتى تأمن العاهة " والعاهة الآفة تصيبه.
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