Hadith 557
۞
Hadith.5527 - Muhammad ibn Abi Umayr narrated from Jamil ibn Darraj from Zakariya ibn Abi Yahya Al-Sa'di from Al-Hakam ibn Utaibah, who said
We were sitting at the door of Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), as a group waiting for him to come out. Suddenly, a woman approached and asked: "Which of you is Abu Ja'far?"
The people replied: "What do you need from him?" She said: "I want to ask him a question."
They told her: "This is the jurist of the people of Iraq, so ask him."
She said: "My husband passed away and left behind one thousand dirhams. I had a debt upon him from my dowry of five hundred dirhams. I took my dowry and also took my share of the inheritance. Then a man came and claimed that the deceased owed him one thousand dirhams, and I testified in his favor."
Al-Hakam said: While I was pondering this, Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), came out and said: "What is this that I see you counting with your fingers, O' Hakam?"
I said: "This woman mentioned that her husband died, leaving one thousand dirhams. She had five hundred dirhams as her dowry, which she took, and she also took her share of the inheritance. Then a man came claiming that the deceased owed him one thousand dirhams, and she testified in his favor."
Al-Hakam said: By Allah (swt), I had not even finished speaking when Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as), said:
"She has admitted to two-thirds of what she possesses, and she has no right to any inheritance."
Al-Hakam said: By Allah (swt), I have never seen anyone more insightful than Abu Jafar Imam Muhammad ibn Ali Al-Baqir (as).
Ibn Abi Umayr said: The explanation of this is that there is no inheritance until debts are settled.
The deceased only left one thousand dirhams, while he owed a total debt of one thousand five hundred dirhams - five hundred dirhams to her (as her dowry) and one thousand dirhams to the man. Therefore, she is entitled to one-third of the remaining amount because of her five hundred dirham debt, and the man is entitled to two-thirds due to his claim of one thousand dirhams.
5527 - رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ جَمِيلِ بْنِ دَرَّاجٍ عَنْ زَكَرِيَّا بْنِ أَبِي يَحْيَى اَلسَّعْدِيِّ عَنِ اَلْحَكَمِ بْنِ عُتَيْبَةَ قَالَ
كُنَّا عَلَى بَابِ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ ع وَ نَحْنُ جَمَاعَةٌ نَنْتَظِرُ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ إِذْ جَاءَتِ اِمْرَأَةٌ فَقَالَتْ أَيُّكُمْ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ فَقَالَ لَهَا اَلْقَوْمُ مَا تُرِيدِينَ مِنْهُ قَالَتْ أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ مَسْأَلَةٍ فَقَالُوا لَهَا هَذَا فَقِيهُ أَهْلِ اَلْعِرَاقِ فَاسْأَلِيهِ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ زَوْجِي مَاتَ وَ تَرَكَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ وَ كَانَ لِي عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ مِنْ صَدَاقِي خَمْسُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ فَأَخَذْتُ صَدَاقِي وَ أَخَذْتُ مِيرَاثِي ثُمَّ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَادَّعَى عَلَيْهِ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ فَشَهِدْتُ لَهُ قَالَ اَلْحَكَمُ فَبَيْنَا أَنَا أَحْسُبُ إِذْ خَرَجَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ "مَا هَذَا اَلَّذِي أَرَاكَ تُحَرِّكُ بِهِ أَصَابِعَكَ يَا حَكَمُ " فَقُلْتُ إِنَّ هَذِهِ اَلْمَرْأَةَ ذَكَرَتْ أَنَّ زَوْجَهَا مَاتَ وَ تَرَكَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ وَ كَانَ لَهَا عَلَيْهِ مِنْ صَدَاقِهَا خَمْسُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ فَأَخَذَتْ مِنْهُ صَدَاقَهَا وَ أَخَذَتْ مِنْهُ مِيرَاثَهَا ثُمَّ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَادَّعَى عَلَيْهِ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ فَشَهِدَتْ لَهُ قَالَ اَلْحَكَمُ فَوَ اَللَّهِ مَا أَتْمَمْتُ اَلْكَلاَمَ حَتَّى قَالَ "أَقَرَّتْ بِثُلُثَيْ مَا فِي يَدَيْهَا وَ لاَ مِيرَاثَ لَهَا" قَالَ اَلْحَكَمُ فَمَا رَأَيْتُ وَ اَللَّهِ أَفْهَمَ مِنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَلَيْهِ اَلسَّلاَمُ قَطُّ. قَالَ ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ وَ تَفْسِيرُ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ لَا مِيرَاثَ حَتَّى يُقْضَى الدَّيْنُ وَ إِنَّمَا تَرَكَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ وَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الدَّيْنِ أَلْفٌ وَ خَمْسُمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ لَهَا وَ لِلرَّجُلِ فَلَهَا ثُلُثُ الْأَلْفِ لِأَنَّ لَهَا خَمْسَمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ وَ لِلرَّجُلِ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ فَلَهُ ثُلُثَاهَا.