Manner of al-Hajj for Children and Slaves

“One of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said, ’If a man performs al-Hajj along with his small son, he must instruct him to say Talbiyah and make al-Hajj obligatory. If he cannot say Talbiyah correctly, he (the father) must say it on his behalf, make him to perform Tawaf and perform Salat (prayer) on his behalf.’ I then asked, are they not required to offer al-Hady (sacrifice)?’ He (the Imam) said, ’Sacrifice is required for small ones and fast is required from grown up people, and they must stay away in the state of Ihram from whatever the grown up people must stay away, and if he kills a prey his father must pay the expiation.’”

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked, ‘Where from are children required to assume the state of Ihram?’ He (the Imam) said, ’My father would make them to assume the state of Ihram from Fakhkh (name of a place).”’

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of small children with me and I am afraid for them of cold. Where from must they assume the state of Ihram? He (the Imam) said, ‘Bring them to al-‘Arj (a place) and you are in Tihamah (a place).’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘If you are afraid for them, bring them to al-Juhfah.’”

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘See if there are children with you, bring them to al- Juhfah or to Batn Marr and do for them what a person in the state of Ihram must do. They are made to perform Tawaf, throw pebbles; and if one cannot find offering animal for them, his guardian must fast for them. Ali ibn Al-Husayn (a.s.), would place the knife in the hand of the child and a grown up person, then place his hand on the hand of the child to complete slaughtering.’”

“Abu al-Hassan (a.s.), has said, ‘A slave is not obligated to perform al-Hajj or al-‘Umrah until he is free.’”

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of boys who have come with us to Makkah for al-‘Umrah and then to Arafat without assuming the state of Ihram. He (the Imam) said, ‘Instruct them to take Ghusl (bath), assume the state of Ihram, slaughter for them as you slaughter (the offering animal) for yourself.’”

“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Whatever a slave may commit in the state of Ihram is on his master, if he gives him permission to assume the state of Ihram.’”

“I once asked abu Ibrahim (a.s.), about the case of our slave who came with us with his wife, performed al-Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous) and said Talbiyah for al-Hajj on the day of al- Tarwiyah (eight of Dhu al-Hajj ah), but I did not offer sacrifice for him. Is he required to fast after leaving when the days have passed, about which Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, has spoken? He (the Imam) said, ‘Why did you not instruct him to perform in Ifrad manner (al-Hajj without al-‘Umrah)?’ I replied, ‘I sought goodness.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘Just as you sought goodness, slaughter for him a fat sheep’ and that was the last day to leave.’”

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about a man who instructed his slaves to perform al- Hajj al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous). He (the Imam) said, ‘He must offer al-Hady (sacrifice) for them.’ I then said, ‘He gave them dirham. Certain ones among them offered sacrifice and others kept the dirham and fasted.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It is sufficient for them and he has the choice; if he wants he can leave them (dirham) alone. If he were to instruct them to fast, it would have been sufficient.’”