محمد بن مسلم

Hadith.4834 - Muhammad ibn Muslim asked Imam (as) about a man who declared ẓihar (a form of divorce by comparison) against his wife five times or more. Imam (as) replied: "Imam Ali ibn Abi Talib (as) said: 'For every instance, there is a separate expiation.'"

I asked him about a Muhrim who needs to wear various types of different clothing. Imam (as) said: "For each type of clothing, he must offer an expiation (fidya)."

“I once asked abu Ja’far (a.s.), about the case of a man who expresses the statement of al- Zihar about his wife, then divorces her before going to bed with her until she becomes stranger to him: if he owes expiation. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, expiation is not obligatory on him.’”

“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about a man who is in the state of Ihram and kills a locust. He (the Imam) said, ‘He owes one handful of food, but if they are many then he owes one sheep.’”

I asked Imam (as): "If a man performs ẓihar (a form of divorce by comparison) in the month of Sha'ban and cannot find something to free (as expiation), what should he do?" He (as) replied: "He should wait until he fasts the month of Ramadan and then fast two consecutive months afterward. If he performs ẓihar while he is traveling, he should wait until he returns. And if he begins fasting and then acquires wealth, he should continue with what he had already started."

It is a reference to the old man who becomes thirsty. The words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, “So those who cannot afford to feed sixty destitute persons,” (58:5) is a reference to those who suffer from an illness or thirst.’”

“I once heard abu Ja‘far (a.s.), say, ‘An old man and one who suffers from thirst have permission not to fast in the month of Ramadan, and instead each one pays a ransom of one mud of food for every day, and thereafter they are not obligated for any Qada’ (compensatory fast). If they cannot afford, they are not obligated for anything.’”

"They must offer a camel. If they cannot find one, they must feed sixty needy people. If the value of the camel exceeds the cost of feeding sixty needy people, they do not need to provide more than the feeding of sixty needy people. If the value of the camel is less than the cost of feeding sixty needy people, they are only required to pay the value of the camel."

“I once asked abu Ja‘far (a.s.), about oath and Nadhr (a commitment) and swearing about that which is an act of obedience to Allah. He (the Imam) said, ‘What is an act of obedience you must do it. If one makes a commitment then does not fulfill, one must pay expiation; but if it is an oath in sin, then it does not have any valid effect.’”

“A woman of the family of al-Mukhtar took an oath against her sister or a relative. She asked her to join her for food but she refused. She then took an oath and made it upon her-self to walk to the house of Allah, free a slave and never to live under one roof with her or eat with her on one table, and the other one did the same thing. ‘Umar ibn Hanzalah took this question before abu Ja‘far (a.s.), and he (the Imam) said, ‘I can judge this case. She must eat, live under one roof with her, must not walk or set free a slave. She must have fear of Allah, her Lord, and must not transgress in such issues; it is of temptations of Satan.’”

“I once asked one of the two Imam, (abu Ja‘far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about the case of a man who forms al-Zihar about his wife five times or more. He (the Imam) said, Tor every time there is expiation.’ He (the narrator) has said, ‘I asked him (the Imam) about a man who forms al- Zihar about his wife, then divorces her before going to bed with her; if there is expiation on him. He (the Imam) said, ‘No, there is no expiation on him.’ He (the narrator) has said, ‘I asked him (the Imam) about al-Zihar of free and a slave-girl. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes, it can happen.’ It was asked, ‘If it takes place in the month of Sha’ban and he cannot find a slave to free.’ He (the Imam) said, ‘He must wait until he completes fasting of the month of Ramadan, then fast for two consecutive months; and if he forms al-Zihar on a journey he must wait until he comes home. If he fasts then finds assets, he continues with what he has started.’”