الحسن بن محبوب السراد

Hadith.5303 - Abu Abdullah Imam Jafar ibn Muhammad Al-Sadiq (as) said that Commander of the Faithful (as) ruled regarding an injury to the fingers that if the wound exposes the bone, then one-tenth of the blood money (diyyah) of that finger is due, provided that the injured person does not wish to seek retaliation (qisas).

“About the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘He must eat to the proper limit’, abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Al-Ma‘ruf (proper limit) is what one needs for sustenance. It applies to the executor of the will or one who is appointed as the custodian of their assets and to work for their welfare.’”

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who contracted land from farmers, then rented it for more to others and undertook the share of al- Sultan. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful because land is not like wages or a house. The increase of wages and house rent is unlawful.”’

“Once, a man asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), when I was listening, ‘We perhaps order a man to buy for us land, house, slave or slave-girl and assign for him a certain amount. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not unlawful.’”

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said that the Holy Prophet, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, has said, ‘If one trusts one who drinks wine, about a trust after knowing that he drinks wine, he has no guarantee for it before Allah or any reward or replacement for his loss.’”

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘If one finds a certain amount of goods, or a camel in wilderness which has become tired has stopped walking and its owner has abandoned it; someone other than the owner then takes it, tends to it and incurs expenses to revive it from tiredness and death; it then is for him. He (the owner) has no reason to claim it. It then is like a lawful thing for him (the finder).”’

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who received Riba’ in ignorance, then he wanted to stay away from Riba’. He (the Imam) said ’What is passed is for him and he must stay away in the coming times.’ He (the Imam) then said, ’Once a man visited abu Ja’far (a.s.), and said, “I have inherited a certain amount of property and noticed that the owner of that property was involved in Riba’. I asked the scholars of law of Iraq and Hijaz and they said that consuming it is not lawful.” Abu Ja’far (a.s.), said, “If you know the Riba’ item distinctly and know the owners of such property, you must return it to them, if you know it is Riba’, take away your capital and leave the rest. If the property is mixed, you can consume them in good health and with pleasure; the property is your property and stay away from what your companion was involved in. The Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, exempted what had passed of Riba’. One who is ignorant is exempt and is allowed to consume such property. Once he comes to know then it becomes unlawful for him to consume. If he consumes after knowing, it becomes necessary on him what has become necessary on one who consumes Riba’.’””

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘When you decide to buy something say this, “O Living, O Guardian, O Eternal, O Compassionate, O Merciful I pray to You through Your majesty, Your power and all that Your knowledge encompasses, grant me of business the greatest share of sustenance, vastest extra favors and the best of consequences; there is no goodness in that which is void of good consequences.’” He (the narrator) has said that abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), then said, ‘When you buy an animal or a head (living thing) say this, “O Allah, make it to live the longest, benefit the most and of the best consequences.’””

“I once heard abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), saying, ‘If one forms a stipulation against the book of Allah, it is not permissible for him as well for the other party. However, the Muslims must stand by their stipulations which agree with the book of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious. 5 ”

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), disliked exchange of one Qafiz of almond with two Qafiz of almond and one Qafiz of dates with two Qafiz of dates.’”

“Once abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), was asked about the case of a man who sells foodstuff to another man in quantity of several kur but cannot deliver what he owes, and says to the other party to accept two Qafiz (a certain unit of measurement) of barley for one Qafiz of wheat to compensate for the deficit. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not valid; the origin of barley is from wheat, however, he can return his dirhams proportionate to the degree of deficit.’”

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who makes an advance payment for oil to receive ghee. He (the Imam) said, ‘It is not valid.’”

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who held a stumper and camels as al-Rahn (security deposit) against his assets; if he could ride them. He (the Imam) said, ‘If he feeds them he can ride; but if the one who has left them as al-Rahn (security deposit) feeds them, then he cannot ride.’”

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘I would prepare the bed for my father and wait for his coming until he would go to sleep; then I would leave to go to bed. One night he delayed and I went to the Masjid to search him. This was the time when people had already left and it was quite calm out there. I found him in the Masjid prostrating and there was no one in the Masjid except him. I heard his affectionate plea saying, “(O Lord,) You are free of all defects, You are my Lord, in all truth, there is no doubt. I have prostrated before You, my Lord as (Your) slave and a sole servant. O Lord, my deeds are weak, so please increase them for me. O Lord, save me from Your punishment on the Day when Your servants are resurrected and turn to me to accept my repentance. You accept repentance and grant mercy.’””

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the words of Allah, most Majestic, most Glorious, ‘It is obligatory upon people from Allah to perform al-Hajj who have the way (are able) to do so.’ (3:96) He (the Imam) asked, ‘What do people say about it?’ It was said, to him (the Imam), ‘They say it is supplies and transportation.’ Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), then said, ‘Abu Ja‘far, was asked about it and he said, “If so, then people are destroyed. If it was only supplies, transportation and enough food for the family that made them needless of people and he then left and was looted, such people would have been destroyed.’” It then was asked, ‘What then is ‘the way’?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘It means to be affluent so that if one uses a certain portion, others (enough funds) are left from which, one’s family can spend. Is it not the case that Allah has made Zakat obligatory only when one has two hundred dirham?”’

“I heard him (the Imam) (a.s.), say, ‘The clay of the grave of al-Husayn (a.s.), has a well-known sanctity. One who with proper understanding seeks refuge therein, he receives protection thereby.’ I then asked him (the Imam) to identify for me its location. He said, ‘From the location of his grave today, measure twenty- five yards from its front side, twenty- five yards from the side of his head, twenty-five yards from the side of his feet, twenty-five yards from the side of his back. The location of his grave from the day he was buried is a garden of the gardens of paradise. It is an ascending place. From this place the deeds of his visitors are taken to the heaven. There is no angel or prophet in the heaven who do not ask Allah for permission to visit al-Husayn (a.s.). Thus, one group descends down and the other group ascends up.”’

“This is concerning my question before abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), about the case of a man who bought the shares of butchers before the shares were taken out. He (the Imam) said, ‘Nothing can be purchased until it is known where the shares come. If he buys like this he has the choice to buy or not to buy it.’”

“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah, Alayhi al-Salam, ‘I have given a certain amount of assets to my brother Ja’far and he gives me what I pay for my expenses, for performing al-Hajj and giving charity. I asked certain people for both of us and they mentioned that it is invalid and unlawful. I like to take your words as the final ones.’ He (the Imam) asked, ‘Did he give you such things before you gave him the assets you just mentioned?’ I replied, ‘Yes, he did so.’ He (the Imam) then said, ‘You can take what he gives you, use it for food, drink, al-Hajj and charity, and when you go back to Iraq tell him that Ja’far ibn Muhammad has given me this fatwa.’”

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has stated this rule about the following case of hunting. ‘If one in the state of Ihram kills an animal and does not find anything at that place for its expiation, he must evaluate a head of the cattle in terms of dirham. He then must evaluate dirham in terms of foodstuff. He must give half of a Sa‘ (a certain measurement) to every destitute person; and if he cannot afford this also, then he must fast one day for every half Sa‘.’”

“I once asked abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), if one can make a will about something for the heirs. He (the Imam) said, ‘Yes,’ or he said that ‘it is permissible.’”