أحمد بن محمد بن أبي نصر زيد

Hadith.1897 - In the narration of Ibn Abi Nasr from Abu Sa'id al-Qammat: Abu Abdullah (as) was asked about someone who became junub (in a state of ritual impurity) at the beginning of the night in the Month of Ramadan and then slept until morning. Imam (as) said: "There is no penalty upon him, as his state of janabah occurred during a permissible time."

“Once, we eight people were in the presence of abu Ja’far (a.s.). We spoke of Ramadan. The Imam said, ‘You must not say, “This is Ramadan or Ramadan is gone or Ramadan has come.” Ramadan is one of the names of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious, which does not come or go. What comes or goes is what is not durable. You instead should say, “The month of Ramadan.” The word “month” in this case is used in a possessive case in relation to the noun, the “name,” the name that is the name of Allah, the Most Majestic, the Most Glorious. This month is the one when the Holy Quran was revealed, and He has made it a festival and an example.’”

"We were with him, eight men, and the topic of Month of Ramadan was mentioned. Imam (as) said: 'Do not say, "This is Ramadan," or "Ramadan has passed," or "Ramadan has come," for Ramadan is one of the names of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic. It does not come or go; it is the transient (month) that comes and goes. Instead, say, "The Month of Ramadan," for the month is attributed to the name, and the name is one of the names of Allah (swt), the Almighty and Majestic. It is the month in which the Quran was revealed. Allah (swt), the Almighty, made it an example and a celebration.'"

Hadith.1869 - Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Nasr al-Bazanti asked Abu al-Hasan al-Ridha (as) about a man who uses an enema due to illness during the Month of Ramadan. Imam (as) said: "A fasting person is not permitted to use an enema."

“I once asked one of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, about a man for al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous) who cannot find an offering animal until the day for departure when he finds enough funds to buy a sheep, should he slaughter or fast? He (the Imam) said, ‘He must fast; the days for slaughtering have passed.’”

“One of the two Imam, (abu Ja’far or abu ‘Abd Allah), ‘Alayhim al-Salam, has said, ‘One who cannot find an offering and likes to fast the three days during the first ten days, it is not an offense for him to do so.”

A man who vowed upon himself that if he were to recover from an illness or be released from imprisonment, he would fast every Wednesday—the same day he was released. However, due to an ailment or another reason, he was unable to fulfill this vow. Over time, many missed fasts accumulated. The man sought guidance on what expiation would be required for this. The Imam (as) replied: "He should give charity for each missed day, either with a mud (a measure) of wheat or a mud of dates."

“Nuh (a.s.) boarded his ark on the first of Rajab and ordered his companions to fast on that day. He said that Hell goes away to a distance of one year from one who fasts on this day. One who fasts for seven days all the seven doors of Hell would be closed for him. One who fasts for eight days all eight doors of Paradise would be opened for him. One who fasts for fifteen days would have his problems solved. One who fasts for more than this Allah, the Mighty and Sublime would grant him a greater reward.

“I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about a man who performs an enema because of an illness in the month of Ramadan. He (the Imam) said, ‘Performing an enema is not permissible when fasting.’”

“I once asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about a man who comes home from a journey in the month of Ramadan before Zawal (declining of the sun toward the west at noontime) and has not tasted any food as yet. He (the Imam) said, ’He is required to fast.’”

“I once asked him (the Imam) (a.s.), about a man for al-Tamattu‘ (advantageous) who could not find an offering animal and he fasted the three days. When he completed the acts of his al- Hajj he found out that he needed to remain in Makkah. He (the Imam) said, ‘He must wait for the arrival of the people from his town and when he thinks that they have entered (Makkah) he then must fast the seven days.’”

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘The Messenger of Allah (sw) performed I'tikaf in the first ten days of the month of Ramadan. In the second year it was in the second ten days and then in the third year in the last ten days of the month of Ramadan. Thereafter it was all the time in the last ten days of the month of Ramadan.’”

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Without fast ’I‘tikaf is not valid.’”

“Abu ‘ Abd Allah (a.s.), has said, ‘Without passing the twentieth day of the month of Ramadan Ttikaf is not valid.’ He (the Imam) then said that Ali ‘Alayhi al-Salam, would say, “I do not see Ttikaf, unless it is in Masjid al-Haram, Masjid of the Messenger of Allah, or a Jami‘ Masjid (central). It is not proper for one performing ’Ttikaf to go out of Masjid except for one’s urgent needs without which one cannot do, but then one must not sit down until one returns. The same rule applies to women.’””

“Abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), once initiated speaking without my asking anything, ‘’Ttikaf consists of three days, meaning, according to the Sunnah, by the will of Allah.’”

“I was in al-Madinah in the month of Ramadan and I said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), that I wanted to remain in ’ Ttikaf. What should I say and what should I place upon myself?’ He (the Imam) said, ‘You must not leave the Masjid except for something without which you cannot do; and you must not sit in the shadow until you return to your place.”

“I once said to abu ‘Abd Allah (a.s.), ‘It is narrated to us that performing al-‘Umrah in the month of Ramadan is equal to al-Hajj. He (the Imam) said, ‘This was only about a woman to whom the Messenger of Allah, O Allah, grant compensation to Muhammad and his family worthy of their services to Your cause, had promised saying, “Perform al-‘Umrah in the month of Ramadan; it will be al-Hajj for you.’””

Abu Ja'far (a.s) said: “Two signs will occur before the Qa'im (a.s), they both never occurred since Adam (AS) came down to Earth: there will be a solar eclipse in the middle of the month of Ramadan, and a lunar eclipse at the end of it.” So a man said: “Oh son of Allah’s Messenger, doesn't a solar eclipse (usually) occur at the end of the month and lunar eclipse in the middle of it?” Abu Ja'far (AS) replied: “I know what you are saying, but they are both signs which have not occurred since Adam (AS) came down.”

“I once asked abu al-Hassan, al-Rida’ (a.s.), about a man who vows to fast, if he is released from jail, every Wednesday. It is the day when he was released but he fails to do so due to illness or other reasons; and during his lifetime a large number of days of such fast become due upon him. What is the expiation for such fast? He (the Imam) said, ‘He must pay charity of one mud (a certain measurement) of wheat or its price for every day of fast.’”

“I asked abu al-Hassan (a.s.), about fasting during a month. He replied, ’It is three days every month, one day in every ten days. Allah, the most Blessed, the most High, says, “One who does a good deed receives tenfold reward.” (6:151) Three days of fasting every month is like fasting all the time.’”